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Machu Picchu


Location: To 110 kilometers of Cusco  

Altitude: 2000 m.a.s.l  

Latitude: 13°09'23 '' South Latitude and 72°32'34 '' of Oriental Longitude  

Extension: the sanctuary has an extension of 32,592 m²  

 

Accesses: For railroad, for helicopter and by the Inca road (trekking) The minimum time to carry out a trip from the Cusco is of one day. At the moment you can travel in helicopter from Cusco to Machu Picchu in 25 minutes; however, the railroad is the frequented route.   

 

Services: In the town of Aguas Calientes: Hotels, lodgings restaurants of typical and international food, bars and discos medical post, public telephone, Internet  

 

Climate: The climate is relatively temperate during the whole year; quite rainy between the months of November and March; dry and warm between April and October, capable and advisable season to visit him. The annual minimum temperature oscillates between 8 and 11.2 centigrade grades. In the months of June, July and August the temperature arrives many times under zero. The annual maximum temperature varies from 20.4 to 26.6 centigrade grades.

Machu Picchu is the cradle of the maximum expression archaeological Inca, it is the most visited destination and the place well-known of Peru at international level, a tourist destination of first level; Machu Picchu this located to 110 Km. of the Cusco for strong line, the district capital is denominated Aguas Calientes, small town that offers lodging to the tourists and serves as center recreational for all the travelers to Machu Picchu, also bill with thermal waters that are the delight of the travelers.

 

Aguas Calientes  

District located to 110 kilometers of the Cusco. Aguas Calientes is a town that lives off the tourism and for the tourism; this small town offers lodgings and hotels for all the prices, also the food and the services of communications.  

The town has a well developed infrastructure to receive tourists. It offers, also, as its name indicates, thermal baths with waters whose temperature averages the 42 grades, and they possess properties that include the treatment of the rheumatism and the illnesses of the kidneys and the articulations.

 

Archaeological Citadel of  Machupicchu  

Located in the altitude of 2,350 m.a.s.l.  To 8 km from Aguas Calientes. Maximum expression of the Inca architecture, located in a wonderful natural environment, it was discovered scientifically in 1,911 by Hiram Bingham, Although at the moment everything indicates that the cusqueño Eduardo Lizarraga would have arrived before years to the citadel and he would be the true discoverer of this historical marvel.  

The periods of occupation, for the constructive style and the ceramic remains are the following ones: Initial 1,300 d.c., Classic 1,400 d.c., Imperial 1,533 d.c. Period of Transition, 1,533-1,572 d.c.

Machu Picchu, compound word that comes from the machu = old or old, and picchu = crest or mountain; consequently, Machu Picchu is translated as "Old Mountain". The famous mountain that you leave before, and appears in most of the classic views and pictures of the place is named Waynapicchu (Young Mountain).  

Among their constructions it destaques the Temple of the Sun, built in form to circulate on a great rock, the Temple of the Three Windows, the Turret, the Intihuatana and the Temple of the Moon. The Historical Sanctuary of Machu Picchu was declared in 1983 by the UNESCO like the Humanity's Cultural and Natural Patrimony, 32 592 hectares of high forest and also understands the archaeological places of Salapunku, Quillabamba, Wayraqpunku and Retamal.

Architecturally it is divided in sectors: Agricultural sector, position of surveillance, superior cemetery and ritual rock, urban sector, the intiwatana, group of the sacred rock, temple of the three windows, entrance doors, the sources, mausoleum or it knocks down and the squares. The monumental mausoleum is a stony block in whose interior, in vault form one shows off some rites or sacrifices they were made, in the military turret in a semicircular way and with two windows. The finish of the walls contrasts with the floor to means to work. The same turret has an entrance toward the north called Door of the Amarus whose threshold is formed by two perrons with a series of holes that is believed they were hatcheries of vipers.

The rectangular palace, behind the turret reveals a wall of stones of 4 meters 40 of high, to the northwest of the turret the Palacio of the Inca is located, formed by a corridor, a patio and three rooms with niches or niches. The main buildings are: the temple of the three windows, integrated by three walls and same number of windows; the second is the Sacred Temple, also built by three walls prepared in form of an altar, and the third, the Priestly Mansion, an enormous room with two doors in those that the Willaq lived Umo or priest.

Regarding the antiquity of the citadel several approaches exist; some point out that it corresponds to the pre-Incan time and others that it is the palpable test of the architectural advance reached by the Inca dynasty.  

For the impressive constructions and the beautiful natural environment Machu Picchu one of the marvels of the world is considered a Historical National Sanctuary protected by the Peruvian Government by the Law Nº 001.81.AA of 1981, to conserve the geologic formations and archaeological remains inside the Sanctuary, besides protecting their flora, fauna and the incomparable beauty of their landscape.

 

Flora  

A diversity of forest species, characterized according to the altitude of their habitat. The forest vegetation is represented by timber species as the cedar, romerillo or intimpa, laurel, etc., besides the mentioned species prevails the Ocotea, Pedocarpus, Guarea, Weinmania, Clusia, Cedropia, Cinchena, Eritrina, or Pisonay, Ilex among others  

In Machu Picchu has been able to identify 90 varieties of orchids, this Historical Sanctuary is known by its plants ornamental many species of begonias and puyas. The varied conditions have settled down characteristic favorable for the development of very varied flora.  

 

Waynapicchu  

In Quechua it means young mountain, it is a mountain in a pyramidal way that harbors archaeological groups, in the summit you can possibly appreciate a group of platforms with ends rituals, the sensation of climbing this mountain is incredible, in general a sensation of being floating takes possession of the fearless ones that arrive until the summit.  

The Inca Road is an ancestral road of Inca architecture of a longitude of 39 Km. in whose itinerary is astonishing archaeological groups as Patallacta, Runkuraqay, Sayaqmarca, Phuyupatamarca, Wiñayhuayna, Intipata, Killapata, Chaskapata, among other, those that  like of the trekking 88 should travel until the kilometer with the train it stops then to begin the walk (Camino Inca or Inca Trail), which demands an average from two to four days, according to the route. This allows appreciating the imposing archaeological places of Wiñay Wayna and Phuyupatamarca, besides incomparable natural scenarios. The road is usually hard but the recompense is incredible: to arrive to the citadel of Macchu on foot Picchu is a nonpareil experience. Many agencies lend services of guides and carriers (loaders) that make easier this voyage.

The Inca road to Machu Picchu is known as the most famous route in Trekking in South America the voyage it is a challenge for the hundred of "backpackers" that year to year they cross the you walk to arrive to the mythical Inca citadel.

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